Intellectual property (IP) refers to creations that are the result of an intellectual process. They are creations of the mind. These are classified into two main categories, i.e., Industrial Property and Copyrights. Industrial Property includes patents, trademarks, designs, geographical indications, etc. Copyrights include books, music, movies, computer programs, etc. Intellectual property is a non-rivalrous goods, which means that usage of an intellectual property by one individual does not result in reduced availability of the good for usage by others. Every year, on 26th of April, the World Intellectual Property Day is celebrated. In India, the following legislation deal with different forms of intellectual property:
Trade Marks Act, 1999
Patents Act, 1970
Copyright Act, 1957
Designs Act, 2000
Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999
Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmer’s Rights Act, 2001
Semiconductor Integrated Circuits Layout Designs Act, 2000
Biological Diversity Act, 2002
The Ministry of Commerce and Industry deals with intellectual property in India through the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade. Intellectual Property India (IPIndia) is the appropriate governing authority for Industrial Property. It is headed by the Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trademark (CGPDTM). The Copyrights Office of Government of India is the appropriate governing authority for Copyrights. It is headed by the Controller of Copyrights.
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